Table of Contents

IELTS雅思寫作範例﹑推薦書

雅思寫作例題及評分標準

Task 1. 題目會提供一個或多個互相關聯的圖表、圖解或表格(如機械圖、裝置圖、或流程圖)，須基於題幹的事實﹑資料進行描述；因時間(20分鐘)﹑字數(150字左右)有限，建議著重描述最重要資訊﹑忽略次要資訊，以下為官方例題:

Task 1高分關鍵
1. 須完成寫作要求：須找到資訊中關鍵的內容，針對其描述和寫作
2. 內容流暢連貫：須找到題目訊息要點，並順暢地組織資訊
3. 使用具有深度和廣度的字彙：使用的字彙須準確且廣泛，並富含深度
4. 展現多樣和準確的文法：使用的文法結構須多樣﹑準確並切題

Task 2. 題目會提供一個看法、問題或議題，需針對問題提出解決方法、論述﹑評價﹑反駁或證明，時間(40分鐘)﹑字數(250字左右)，以下為官方例題:

Task 2 高分關鍵
1. 須完成題目要求：要能完整且恰當地完成題目的寫作任務，論點須切中題幹要求，且提出完整論證﹑論據，來表達自身觀點（請見以下Task 2 架構: 引言→主體1→主體2→主體3→反駁→總結)
2. 內容流暢連貫：須有效組織資訊和重點，使內容流暢﹑論點清晰
3. 使用具有深度和廣度的字彙：使用的字彙須準確且廣泛，並富含深度
4. 展現多樣和準確的文法：使用的文法結構須多樣﹑準確並切題
特別注意
1. Task 1字數須足150字﹑Task 2字數須足250字，否則會被扣分；因此Task 1建議不寫超過20分鐘，Task 2則用40分鐘
2. 文章若有以下情況，將會被扣分:
(1) 跑題
(2) 涉嫌抄襲
(3) 內容互不關聯
(4) 內容不完整
從以上不難發現，Task 1﹑2的共同高分關鍵就是架構﹑字彙及文法，考友們要特別著重加強；同時應避免因字數不足﹑時間分配不當或跑題

雅思Task 1寫作架構

分為以下5個段落: 介紹→概括→細節→比較→結論，具體範例如下:

第一段 Introduction:
簡單介紹圖表，如圖表的種類、時間、主題等
The given bar chart elucidates the percentage of adults who participated in physical activity on a weekly basis in five distinct European countries in the year 2018.

第二段 Summary:
一兩句話總結圖表的主要趨勢或特點，提供讀者大致的理解
In general, it can be inferred that Spain had the highest proportion of physically active adults, whereas the UK had the lowest. Furthermore, in all countries, a majority of adults were involved in physical activity at least once a week.

第三段 Details:
對圖表數據進行深入分析，可分成多個段落，從分析整體趨勢，解釋細節數據變化，並使用具體數據來支持論點
It is notable that Spain had the highest percentage of adults involved in physical activity, with more than 80% of adults participating in physical activity at least once a week. In Italy and Germany, the percentages were also substantial, with slightly over 70% and 60% respectively. In contrast, France and the UK had relatively lower percentages, with slightly over 50% and 40% respectively.
When scrutinizing the frequency of physical activity, Spain had the highest percentage of adults who participated in physical activity at least three times a week, while the UK had the lowest. In Spain, over 60% of adults participated in physical activity at least three times a week, compared to just over 20% in the UK.

第四段 Comparison:
若多個關聯項目，可針對這部分進行比較，探討相似或不同，相同地，須用具體數據來支持論點
Spain and Italy had relatively comparable proportions of physically active adults, while Germany had a slightly lower percentage. France and the UK, however, had the lowest percentages of physically active adults. Nevertheless, when analyzing the frequency of physical activity, a significant variation was observed between all countries. Spain had the highest percentage of adults who participated in physical activity at least three times a week, while the UK had the lowest.

第五段 Conclusion:
總結文章，再次強調主要趨勢或特點，並寫出從圖表得到的結論，也可提出建議﹑解決方案或未來預測
In conclusion, the bar chart explicitly indicates that there are substantial differences in the physical activity levels and frequency across five distinct European countries. While Spain had the highest proportion of active adults and the UK had the lowest, there were also disparities in the frequency of physical activity between all countries. Policymakers and health organizations should take into account these differences to encourage physical activity and promote public health.

Task 1高分字彙

動詞:
1. Elucidate 闡明、解釋 – to make clear or explain
2. Inferred 推斷、推論 – deduced or concluded by reasoning from evidence or premises
3. Mitigate 緩和、減輕- to make less severe, harmful, or painful
4. Promote 推廣、促進鼓勵、激勵- to encourage or advocate the use of something
5. Encourage 鼓勵、激勵- to inspire with courage, spirit, or hope
6. Scrutinize 仔細檢查、審查 – to examine closely and critically
形容詞:
1. Notable 顯著的、值得注意的 – remarkable or significant
2. Substantial 大量的、重要的- of considerable importance, size, or worth
3. Comparable 可比較的、類似的- able to be likened to or compared with something else
4. Conclusive 決定性的、確定的- serving to settle an issue or put an end to doubt or uncertainty
5. Evident 明顯的、顯然的- plain or obvious; clearly seen or understood
6. Prevalent 普遍的、流行的- widespread or current in a particular time or place

名詞:
1. Deviation 偏差、脫離- a departure from a norm or standard
2. Correlation 相關、關聯- a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things
3. Regression 退化、倒退- a return to a former or less developed state
4. Fluctuation 波動、變動- an irregular rise and fall in number or amount
5. Disparity 不平等、差異- a great difference or inequality
6. Discrepancy 差異、矛盾 – a difference or inconsistency

雅思Task 2寫作架構

分為以下6個段落: 引言→主體1→主體2→主體3→反駁→總結，具體範例如下:
第一段Introduction:
介紹主題﹑提出論點，並簡要列舉將討論的各個方面
The dire issue of climate change has garnered worldwide attention, with an ever-increasing agreement that immediate action is essential to curb its impact. This essay posits that individual efforts can play a decisive role in combating climate change, and delves into three key areas where individuals can make a difference.

第二段 Body Paragraph 1:
討論第1個方面，例如該問題的背景、原因、影響等，並提供對應的事實、數據和例子支持論點
The first salient aspect where individuals can exert their influence is by minimizing their energy consumption. The use of fossil fuels to power homes, transport and heating is a prominent contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. By enacting simple changes in their daily lives, such as switching off lights, adopting public transportation or carpooling, and reducing heating and cooling usage, individuals can make a significant reduction in their carbon footprint. A study by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy revealed that a typical household can reduce its energy consumption by up to 25% through implementing behavior modifications.

第三段 Body Paragraph 2:
討論第2個方面，例如該問題的背景、原因、影響等，並提供對應的事實、數據和例子支持論點
The second area where individuals can make an impact is through making sustainable consumer choices. This includes opting for products made from sustainable materials, cutting down on meat consumption, and reducing waste by composting and recycling. By selecting products that have a lower environmental impact, individuals can minimize their carbon footprint. Research conducted by the Carbon Trust indicates that by halving their meat consumption, individuals can decrease their carbon footprint by up to 35%.

第四段 Body Paragraph 3:
討論第3個方面，例如該問題的背景、原因、影響等，並提供對應的事實、數據和例子支持論點
The third crucial factor where individuals can make a difference is by advocating for policy change. This involves lobbying elected officials, participating in rallies or protests, and supporting political candidates that prioritize climate action. By utilizing their voice and vote to support policies that are eco-friendly, individuals can stimulate systemic changes that have far-reaching effects on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

第五段 Counterargument:
討論可能的反對觀點，並解釋為什麼這些觀點不能成立，同時也可重申你之前的1~3方面論點，並舉出更多例證
Although some may argue that individual actions are insufficient to address climate change, it is vital to acknowledge that every action contributes to the bigger picture. Every individual’s contribution accumulates and, when combined with others, can have a notable impact. Furthermore, individual efforts can set an example for others and inspire societal change.

第六段 Conclusion:
總結以上觀點，再次強調立場(千萬不可立場搖擺)，可另提供一些建議，或未來的預測或對讀者的期望
To conclude, individuals can make a significant impact on mitigating climate change by cutting down on energy consumption, making sustainable consumer choices, and advocating for policy change. Although individual efforts alone may not be enough, they are a crucial piece of the puzzle. By taking action today, we can create a more sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.

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Task 2高分字彙

動詞:
1. Mitigate 減輕、緩和- to make less severe, serious, or painful
2. Advocate 倡導、提倡- to publicly support or recommend a particular policy or cause
3. Alleviate 緩解、減輕- to make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe
4. Deteriorate 惡化- to become progressively worse
5. Exacerbate 加劇、惡化- to make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse
6. Bolster 支持、增強- to support or strengthen something
7. Hamper 阻礙、妨礙- to prevent something from happening or someone from doing something easily
8. Proliferate 激增、迅速增加- to increase rapidly in number or amount
形容詞:
1. Sustainable 可持續的- able to be maintained at a certain rate or level without depleting natural resources or causing harm to the environment
2. Resilient 有復原力的、強韌的- able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
3. Inevitable 不可避免的- certain to happen; unavoidable
4. Devastating 破壞性的、毀滅性的- causing great damage or destruction
5. Imperative 極為重要的、必要的- of vital importance; crucial
6. Inadequate 不足、不適當- not sufficient or good enough for a particular purpose
7. Severe 嚴重的、劇烈的- very great; intense
8. Substantial 重大的、實質的- of considerable importance, size, or worth
9. Detrimental 有害的、不利的- tending to cause harm

名詞:
1. Mitigation 減輕、緩和- the action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something
2. Alleviation 緩解、減輕 – the action of making suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe
3. Exacerbation 加劇、惡化- a worsening of a problem or situation